ABSTRACT
As COVID-19 increased people's dependency on urban parks for physical and psychological well-being, it also has uncertain impacts on park utilization. Understanding these impacts and how the pandemic has contributed to them is an issue that warrants urgent attention. We used multi-source spatio-temporal data to examine urban park use before and during COVID-19 in Guangzhou, China, and constructed a set of regression models to evaluate the associated factors. We found that COVID-19 has significantly reduced the overall utilization of urban parks while also exacerbating spatial unevenness. This was due to residents' limited movement distance, and the diminished role of urban transportation affecting the efficient citywide use of parks. Meanwhile, residents' increased demand for nearby parks amplified the importance of community parks, which exacerbated the consequences caused by the uneven distribution of park resources. We propose that city administrators improve the efficiency of existing parks and prioritize the adequate placement of community parks at urban fringes to improve access. Furthermore, cities with similar layouts as Guangzhou should plan for urban parks from a multi-perspective and consider the sub-city level differences to address unevenness during the current pandemic and in the future.
ABSTRACT
Amentoflavone is an active phenolic compound isolated from Selaginella tamariscina over 40 years. Amentoflavone has been extensively recorded as a molecule which displays multifunctional biological activities. Especially, amentoflavone involves in anti-cancer activity by mediating various signaling pathways such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and emerges anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect via binding towards the main protease (Mpro/3CLpro), spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, amentoflavone is considered to be a promising therapeutic agent for clinical research. Considering the multifunction of amentoflavone, the current review comprehensively discuss the chemistry, the progress in its diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-microorganism, metabolism regulation, neuroprotection, radioprotection, musculoskeletal protection and antidepressant, specially the fascinating role against various types of cancers. In addition, the bioavailability and drug delivery of amentoflavone, the molecular mechanisms underlying the activities of amentoflavone, the molecular docking simulation of amentoflavone through in silico approach and anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect of amentoflavone are discussed.